Innovation
The fog of innovation
Good ideas rarely move in a straight line. They usually begin as friction in the work, then have to survive uncertainty, resistance, feedback and constraint.
Most ideas do not fail at the moment they are born. They fail afterwards, in the unclear space between noticing a problem and creating a route to test it.
Someone doing the work sees the friction. The improvement feels obvious. But the organisation may not have a clear way to notice it, protect it, test it, or make it safe enough to try.
Short film
Fog of Innovation
A short supporting film on uncertainty, early ideas and the work of moving through the unknown.
Watch on YouTube →Film acknowledgement. The supporting film was human-authored and creatively directed. AI assistance was used for narration.
The question behind the idea
People often ask where an idea came from. That story can matter, but it is not usually the part that decides whether the idea survives.
The more useful question is what happens after the idea appears. How does something small survive the fog between a clinical friction point and a tested change in practice?
Does it have to be that way?
That question is where many useful improvements begin. Not with a grand invention, but with a repeated friction point that refuses to disappear.
In my own work, that question sat around emergency airway preparation. The issue was not simply to create something new. It was whether preparation could be designed so there was less searching, less avoidable variation and less cognitive load at the point where delay and small errors can carry serious consequence.
When the idea is still fragile
In the early phase, ideas are fragile. They are vulnerable to influence before they have been tested against the conditions they are meant to improve.
That influence can be useful. Feedback, constraint and challenge can make an idea stronger. But the same period can also dilute the idea, distort it, or stop it before its value has been understood.
At that stage, the idea is not yet a product, system, pathway or recognised solution. It is an early signal that something in the work needs closer attention.
That is the fog of innovation. You can see enough to move, but not enough to be certain. The path changes as the idea meets users, constraints, budgets, prototypes, governance, scepticism and real-world use.
The danger is that fragile ideas are judged too early. They are asked to prove themselves before there is a safe route to test, shape and learn from them.
Uncertainty has to be managed
Uncertainty is not proof that an idea is weak. It is usually a sign that the idea is still being tested by reality.
Useful innovation usually has to answer several questions at once:
- Is the problem real or just personally irritating?
- Does the idea reduce work or simply move the burden elsewhere?
- Can it be tested safely without over-claiming its value?
- Who needs to be involved before the idea is allowed to grow?
The answer is not to pretend the uncertainty has gone. The answer is to make the route visible enough to keep learning safely.
The hidden no
In organisations, new ideas are not always rejected directly. More often, they are absorbed into delay.
“Yes, but…” can sound constructive. Sometimes it is. But it can also be a quiet no: a way of keeping an idea in permanent discussion without ever creating the conditions to test it.
“Yes, but” often means the system has not decided how to say yes safely.
A healthier design culture does not approve every idea. That would be reckless. But it does make the route visible. It shows what evidence is needed, who can authorise a test, how risk will be controlled, and what would make the idea worth stopping.
Without that route, useful friction points remain trapped inside conversations.

Friction points are design data
Every team has friction points. Some are obvious: missing equipment, unclear ownership, repeated work-arounds. Others are quieter: variation in layout, avoidable decisions, uncertainty about who is doing what, or equipment that is present but not immediately usable.
Not every friction point becomes a major innovation. Most should not. But repeated friction is data. It tells you where the system is asking people to compensate.
The real opportunity is not always to invent something new. Sometimes it is to see the existing work clearly enough to remove avoidable load, unnecessary variation and small points of friction that make the work harder than it needs to be.
Background reading on high-acuity, low-occurrence clinical work.
A practical resource on preparation and rehearsal for high-risk interventions.
Feedback makes the idea harder to fool
Early feedback can be uncomfortable because it shows the distance between the idea as you imagined it and the work as other people experience it.
That distance matters. It shows where the idea is still carrying assumptions, where it adds load, and where it may not yet fit the conditions it is meant to improve.
Useful feedback should not simply protect the original idea. It should make the idea harder to fool. It should expose what needs to change before the design is trusted any further.
That is why collaborative design is not the easy version of innovation. Done properly, it is more demanding. It asks the idea to survive contact with practice, not just approval in a room.
From interest to use
Early support for an idea can be misleading. People may recognise the problem, agree with the direction, and still not be ready to change how the work is done.
That is where constraint becomes useful. Limited time, money, attention and trust force the question that matters: what is the smallest version of this idea that can be tested honestly?
Not the polished version. Not the version that wins the meeting. The version that shows whether the idea can survive contact with real users, real conditions and real consequences.
Broad ideas are easy to admire and hard to implement. Focused ideas are easier to test, easier to improve, and easier to stop if they do not make the work better.

Purpose still needs a route
A clear purpose helps. It gives people a reason to care and keeps the work attached to something more important than novelty.
But a strong reason is not enough. An idea still has to move through evidence, relationships, testing, iteration, governance, education and trust.
This is where many ideas stall. People may understand the “why” and still have no clear way to test the idea, approve it, support it, or make it part of normal work.
The two resources below are included because they speak to different parts of that problem: why people care, and why early support does not automatically become routine use.
Simon Sinek’s book on purpose and communication. Useful for understanding why purpose helps people make sense of an idea and why it deserves attention.
Geoffrey A. Moore’s work on moving from early adopters to wider markets. Useful for understanding why early interest is not the same as wider adoption.
Protect the idea without hiding it
Early ideas need contact with the real world. They need feedback, challenge and exposure to the people who understand the work.
But exposure without any protection is risky. An idea can be diluted, misused, copied badly, or pulled away from the problem it was trying to solve.
The balance is to protect enough to keep the idea viable, but not so much that it never learns from the world it is meant to improve.
The design lesson
Good ideas do not need the fog to clear. They need a route through it.
Design gives early ideas enough shape to be seen, challenged and safely tested before they are trusted.
- Make the hidden friction visible.
- Turn the idea into its smallest honest test.
- Protect the learning while the idea is still fragile.
- Let practice show what is worth keeping.
AI in the fog
Artificial intelligence now sits inside the innovation conversation. Used well, it can help people explore options, analyse information, summarise feedback and make patterns easier to see.
But AI is not a substitute for judgement. It does not understand the clinical context in the way a team does. It cannot feel the consequence of a badly designed system at 03:00, in a cramped space, when time is short and the team is already loaded.
AI can be a lamp in the fog. It should not be mistaken for the ground beneath your feet.
The useful future is not a choice between human judgement and AI support. It is the disciplined use of both: human experience, operational judgement and clinical responsibility, supported by tools that help us see, test and refine more clearly.

What survives the fog
Innovation in clinical practice is not just about having the idea. It is about helping the idea survive the conditions that usually kill it: uncertainty, delay, resistance, weak feedback, unclear ownership and poor routes to testing.
What survives is rarely the first version. It is the version that has been challenged, tested, refined and made useful enough for the work.
If we want better systems, we need more than creative people. We need organisations that know how to notice friction, protect early ideas, test them safely and learn without smothering the idea too soon.
Related podcast
Designing for Crisis
In this conversation with Dan Dworkis, MD, PhD, we discuss human-centred design, performance under pressure and building systems that hold up in crisis.
The Emergency Mind Podcast
EP 89: Paul Swinton on Designing for Crisis
A practical discussion on clinical design, uncertainty and the work of improving systems under pressure.
Closing thought
Belief gets an idea moving. Design gives it a chance of surviving contact with reality.
The fog does not disappear. Design is how you make uncertainty visible, testable and safe enough to act on.
